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William Skirving
William Skirving (c. 1745–1796) was one of the five Scottish Martyrs for Liberty. Active in the cause of universal franchise and other reforms inspired by the French Revolution, they were convicted of sedition in 1793-94, and sentenced to transportation to New South Wales.
==Early life and farming==
William Skirving was born about 1745〔Based on Governor Hunter describing him as in his fifties when transported to New South Wales, quoted in ''Tait's Edinburgh Magazine'' January 1837 (Volume IV New Series) pp 14. William Tait, Edinburgh; Simpkin Marshall & Co., London and John Cumming, Dublin.〕 in Liberton, near Edinburgh to William Skirving, a farmer, and his wife (probably Margaret, née Bryden).〔Birth registrations of Margaret, May, James and Walter Skirving 1762 to 1769, at Liberton, to William Skirving and Margaret Bryden〕 He was educated at Haddington grammar school and at Edinburgh University,〔John Earnshaw 'Skirving, William (d. 1796)' in ( ''Australian Dictionary of Biography online edition'' ) accessed 24 November 2009〕 originally with a view to the ministry in the Burgher Secession Church (a branch of Presbyterianism).〔Daniel Stuart, 'Memoir of William Skirving', in ''The Trial of William Skirving, Secretary to the British convention before the High Court of Justiciary At Edinburgh on the 6th and 7th January 1794, For Sedition; with an original memoir and notes'' Glasgow: Muir, Gowans & Co. 1836〕 On graduation he studied divinity for a short time 〔Stuart, op cit〕 before changing direction and taking up a position as a tutor in a private household, and then leasing land to farm at Damhead.〔Earnshaw, op cit〕〔Stuart, op cit〕
In 1775 he married Rachel Abercrombie (b. 1748) the only child of Andrew Abercrombie, who had been a farmer and merchant in Fife. William set about farming in Strathruddy, Fife, on land Rachel had inherited from her father. In the same year, William’s father passed on to him some of his tacks (leased lands), and in the following year William senior died.〔Edinburgh Advertiser 6 August 1776 notice about estate sale〕 William and Rachel had two sons William (b. 1779)〔28/10/1779 St Cuthbert's Edinburgh, Midlothian GROS ref. 685/002 0100 0138〕 and Alexander (b. 1782).〔20/7/1782 St Cuthbert's Edinburgh, Midlothian GROS ref. 685/002 0100 0305〕〔Fife Free press 2 March 1895 Obituary for William's grandson Andrew gives family history - William had two children.〕
In 1792 he moved to Edinburgh and published a manual of husbandry.〔William Skirving ''The Husbandman’s Assistant'' Edinburgh, published by Hugh Inles for the author, 1792.〕 He had hopes of obtaining the Chair in Agriculture at Edinburgh University but was unsuccessful.〔Earnshaw, op cit〕
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